Encyclopedia of new Religious movements edited by Peter B. Clarke provides a truly engaging and authentic view of the emerging Religious movements on a background of the universe. This encyclopedia, containing 428 articles from leading academics, studies the remarkable examples of Religious movements emerging in each continent. Clarke as an editor has written a higher income as "New Religions as a global phenomenon", a "Resource guide of NRM" and a useful article entitled "Typology of new religions" in this encyclopedia. This encyclopedia is a leading, research, updating, important, and valuable reference for academic libraries. However, the encyclopedia suffers from some disadvantages, among which we can refer to apparent contradictions in Index, the incidence of historical errors, print, etc., in its context and putting NRM identified with the Cults, sects, and counter-culture groups

Desacralizing of knowledge in the modern world and overcoming Cartesian dualism, and as a result, the alienation of man with the cosmos, led to the separation of man from the world. Despite its new name, anthropocosmic vision has a long history in religions and has attracted the attention of thinkers in various fields, including Religious studies, in recent decades. With the harmony and correspondence between man and the world, or in other words, microcosm and macrocosm as its implications, this essentially mystical vision illuminates many doctrines of religions based on the unity of self-knowledge, cosmology, and theology. This paper, first of all, deals with the anthropocosmic vision, its definition and description, and then with its history expressed in various Religious traditions, and then examines it as an approach in academic studies of religion. Achieving to a kind of ontological epistemology can be of its outcomes. Also, one can understand the conformity of the ritualistic order with the cosmic order in the religions.

Abstract Given that Religious tourism has become a topic of interest not only among Religious followers and pilgrims but also among ordinary tourists, researchers in this field have taken notice. The aim of this study is to examine the global trend of research on Religious tourism, as well as the current and future research directions in this area. To this end, a review of existing literature on Religious tourism was conducted using bibliometric and visualization methods. After applying input and output criteria, a total of 412 articles were extracted from the Web of Science database and analyzed using VOS viewer software. The findings indicate an upward quantitative trend in publication and citation rates, with the highest number of published papers occurring in 2021 and the highest number of citations in 2022. Additionally, descriptive data revealed the most frequently cited articles, researchers, journals, and universities. Analysis of keyword co-occurrence demonstrated that the most commonly occurring words included Religious tourism, pilgrimage, tourism, and spiritual tourism. Findings also indicate that much of the research in this field has focused on conceptualizing and distinguishing between Religious and pilgrimage tourism and understanding travelers' motivations in a Religious context. Moving forward, future studies in this area should consider experiential marketing and tourist experience, as well as Service-Dominant Logic and value co-creation theories. Introduction Undoubtedly, Religious tourism has become a significant area in tourism sector. In contemporary times, tourists visit Religious sites not only for spiritual reasons but also in pursuit of cultural and historical significance (Kim et al., 2020; Romanelli et al., 2021). Notably, within Religious and pilgrimage tourism, both spiritual and non-spiritual elements coexist, making it arduous to differentiate between the two (Griffin, 2007). While pilgrimage tourism involves performing Religious rituals in sacred places with the primary intention of worship, Religious tourism does not necessarily require adherence to specific Religious beliefs or practices (Kujawa, 2017). In addition to tourism activists, academics have also shown interest in this type of tourism, and many articles, books, and articles have been published related to this topic. In spite of that, to date, no bibliometric investigation has been conducted on Religious tourism. Therefore, this research aims to undertake a bibliometric review of Religious tourism to ascertain past and future research trends and identify areas requiring further exploration. Materials and Methods The present research is characterized as a descriptive-analytical study that utilizes bibliometric analysis to examine a specific research field. The use of bibliometric analysis as a quantitative method in this research is well-established in academic literature and enables scholars to gain valuable insights into various aspects of a research field. The choice of the Web of Science database was made due to its established reputation as a reliable and standardized source for bibliometric analysis. After applying filters and selecting appropriate keywords, a total number of 412 articles were identified and subjected to further analysis. In this regard, the complete bibliometric information of these studies, including their title, abstract, organizational affiliation, and sources, were extracted from the database and subsequently analyzed using VOS Viewer software. This methodology aims to identify the structures and trends within the specified research topic, thereby enhancing our understanding of the subject matter. Discussion and Results The results of the investigation indicate an upward trend in the quantitative publication and citation rates of Religious tourism research. The year 2021 had the highest number of publications, with 52 studies, while the peak for citations was observed in 2022, with 967 citations. Moreover, the most highly cited article, author, journal, country, and university were identified. Accordingly, "Forms of Religious Tourism" recognized as the most cited article, "Rinschede, G" recognized as the most cited author, "Annals of Tourism Research" recognized as the most cited journal, "Australia" recognized as the most cited country and "University of Haifa" recognized as the most cited university in this field. After conducting a co-authorship analysis, the study was able to identify eight clusters of active countries that have contributed significantly to knowledge production in the field of Religious tourism research. This analysis provides valuable insights into the collaborative networks and patterns of international cooperation among researchers working on Religious tourism. Furthermore, the keyword co-occurrence analysis revealed that "Pilgrimage," "Tourism," and "Spiritual tourism" were the most commonly used terms in Religious tourism research. Conclusions The increase in the number of articles and citations pertaining to Religious tourism signifies its growing importance as an academic field and highlights the attention it has garnered from researchers. Among the topics that have recently received attention in this field, the experience of Religious tourists and pilgrims is one such area that is still in its nascent stages, as corroborated by the Keywords Co-occurrence analysis. Previous studies have primarily focused on the trip experience, whereas a comprehensive understanding of the tourist's experience necessitates an examination of all three phases, namely before, during, and after the trip. This highlights the dynamic nature of the tourist experience. By comparing developments in tourism research with those in Religious tourism, research gaps can be identified. Experiential marketing and Service-dominant logic-related theories are areas that require further exploration in Religious tourism, as they have yet to receive much attention in this field.

Methodological explanation or Motahharis success in Religious studies plays an important role in understanding his views and fundamental thoughts. The problem oriented is the most significant characteristic or Motahharis methodology in Religious studies. Encountering theological difficulties, changing them into the well-formed problems, and the pathology of problems - with his own various arts-are Motahharis method on problem diagnosing. The typology of problems, taking multiple - origens problem into consideration, and using interdisciplinary approach are his method on problem solving.

The main question in this article is the identification of the status of the Religious education in the system of higher education in the cotemporary era. Thus, this article attempts to introduce the triple steps (Religious education for piety, education of Religious behaviors in the process of development, and religion as the main component of the modem culture). It accounts for the today educational development "during the time, and refers to the three types of Religious education in the system of higher education. The new area of Religious studies as a part of cultural studies attempts to consider the daily education which is in the context of people's social and cultural life which is partly ignored in higher education. Thus, the necessity for development and consideration of Religious studies among the humanities has been always felt for the understanding of the Religious experience of Iran's Religious people. From this viewpoint, studying the religions education and piety can exemplify and clarify the changes made in our society.

This paper argues that it is not reasonable for a critical rationalist to be a Religious believer in the Abrahamic tradition. The argument is distinctive, in that it takes seriously the critical rationalist view that we should abandon ‘justificationist’ argument. What this means, is that the structure of argument then becomes a matter of offering theories as resolutions of problems, and then judging how they fare in the face of ongoing critical appraisal. The paper surveys issues in several areas, including God and what is good; homosexuality; mysticism; and messianic ideas. It argues that, unless the believer engages in intellectual retreat (something that is unacceptable for the critical rationalist), the problem-situation facing the believer appears to be so daunting that it would be unreasonable for them to hope that they can overcome it.

Archaeobotany is one of the interdisciplinary sciences in archaeology. Archaeobotany studies plant remains in archaeological contexts. Based on plant findings, it discusses topics such as people's livelihood, agriculture, vegetation, climate changes, dating, etc. So, this course can reply to many questions archaeologists face about an ancient site and people. In recent years, archaeologists have paid a lot of attention to this field and tried to use experts in excavations. One of the excavations that has paid a lot of attention to archaeobotany, is Feyzabad site. This site has Islamic periods. During the excavation in 2022 in this site, some ovens were found, as well as some samples from them. In this research, we intend to answer questions such as the functioning of the sampled ovens and the identification of plant remains in the ovens. Finally, by combining the information found, we will shed light on the lives of the people of this period. By doing this research, our information about the life of the people belonging to this area, their livelihood and the common types of plant remains used in this area will increase. Also, micro information about climatic conditions will be obtained. After carrying out the necessary investigations and research, it was found that the ovens found in the trench D8 are related to cooking to the inner part of the royal citadel. Besides the more specialized work that is being done, animal husbandry and agriculture are popular. Some climate changes such as warmer weather and less humidity were also identified